Go: Concurrency for Scalable Systems

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Go: Concurrency for Scalable Systems

Go (Golang) was created at Google and is popular for servers, CLI tools and cloud-native services. Its trademark is simple concurrency.

Goroutines

A goroutine is a lightweight thread: go function() starts it. Thousands of goroutines are normal — the scheduler distributes them over few OS threads.

Channels

Channels are typed pipes between goroutines:

ch := make(chan int)
go func() { ch <- 42 }()
value := <-ch

Slices and Maps

slice := []int{1,2,3}, m := map[string]int{}. Slices grow dynamically, maps return value, ok := m[key].

Interfaces

Interfaces are satisfied implicitly: a type fulfills an interface if it has the methods. This enables clean abstractions without inheritance.

Typical use cases

Web APIs (net/http, Gin, Echo).
CLI tools (Docker, kubectl, Hugo are written in Go).
Network services and proxies.