DHCP — Automatic IP Configuration

DHCP assigns IP addresses and network configuration automatically. Without it, every device would need manual configuration.

The DORA Process

1. Discover  Client searches for servers
2. Offer     Server offers an address
3. Request   Client requests the address
4. Ack       Server confirms

Leases and Reservations

Addresses are issued as leases with a validity period (typically 1-24 h). Servers and printers get fixed addresses via DHCP reservations by MAC address.

Related: DNS Explained · TCP/IP Basics